Scientific Publications
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Computer Science & Engineering
Core computing paradigms, algorithm design, software architectures, advanced computing theory, and hardware engineering.
Computer Networks
Network architectures, wireless ad-hoc protocols, vehicular networks (VANET), buffering, and communications.
Electronics Department
Circuits, semiconductor devices, flexible electronics, solar array modeling, signal processing, and photonics.
Civil Engg
Structural analysis, thermal stability of fluid layers, environmental infrastructure, and applied materials engineering.
Computer Science & Engineering Publications (85)
Statistical Analysis and Model Validation of Gompertz Model on different Real Data Sets for Reliability Modelling
A very basic problem in reliability modeling is to obtain information about the form of the population from which the sample is drawn. Goodness of fit test is employed on different real data sets to determine how well the observed sample data "fits" on proposed model for reliability analysis. In this paper, we obtain the tables and graphs of critical values of Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test, and Q-Q test for Gompertz model with two unknown parameters. These plots are used to investigate whether an assumed model adequately fits a set of data and we present power comparison between Computation of MLE using Newton‐Raphson method and p-value with its corresponding D-value obtaining by KS-Test Q-Q test for model validation to obtain feasible real data sets which are most suitable for parameter estimation of Gompertz model. For this analysis, we used different tools which are developed in R language and environment for model analysis, model validation and estimation of parameters using method of maximum likelihood.
Efficient Local Resource management for Wireless Devices integration
Grid computing has emerged as an important field, distinguished from conventional distributed computing by its focus on modern applications, maximize resource sharing. Grid computing is outlined as “flexible, secure, coordinated resource sharing among dynamic collections of people, establishments, and resources”. In the road of making mobile devices as an entity in grid computing technology, and to bridge the gap between mobile world and grid computing world we are using Layered Architecture, which divides the complexities existed in integration, among different layered components. We give our contribution details, in the implementation of the proposed Layered Architecture. In the implementation we considered JAVA enabled mobile devices, GT (Globus Toolkit) based grid services. In Layer-2 of the architecture we need to have an efficient scheduling algorithm which addresses the problem of local scheduling. We are using ABC algorithm to address local resource scheduling problem. With this we try to use efficient use of resources using mobile devices
Comparative Study of Different Techniques for License Plate Recognition
License Plate detection and recognition is a key technique in most of the traffic related applications such as searching of stolen vehicles, road traffic monitoring, airport gate monitoring, speed monitoring and Automatic parking access control. It is simply the ability to automatically extract and recognition of the vehicle license number plate’s character from a captured image. The License plate recognition systems have established a lot of interest from the research community because there is a certain limitation in particular territory, city or countries and lack of equivalence among different license plates. In This paper, we try to give an enhance and comprehensive view of the research work made in the area of LP detection and recognition and the techniques employed in developing a License Plate Recognition (LPR) system. In this analysis we not only study and also compare the License Plate Recognition Techniques based on different criteria like plate region extraction, character segmentation and character recognition rate using ANN, RBFNN and Template Matching along with its pros and cons.
Analysis and Implementation Image Segmentation Through kmean Algorithm with Different Window Sizes Different
Image segmentation is the first step in image analysis and pattern recognition. It is a critical and essential component of image analysis system, is one of the most difficult tasks in image processing, and determines the quality of the final result of analysis The Segmented image require feature vector on the source of which pixel classification can be performed. If we depend only intensity values of image. Then it will not give the better segmentation result. Therefore, it requires some other features which are inherent in the image. The moment is an invariant feature used in the object recognition. The main aim is to classify each pixel of an image by novel feature. The idea of novel feature is to compute each pixel using window based method and then assign class labels using k-means classification technique. If we want to get colour map then colour map is obtained by performing two steps. First quantize the image colors second is labelling the pixels in image. Objective of color quantization is to obtain the image without significant perceptual degradation in restricted color range. Now label the pixels belonging to same quantized range with same label. In this way a color-map is obtained for all pixels in image. Aim is to Comparison between different window sizes with different image size. The basic difference between window images is 2*2 Gives not better result the other one like 3*3 and 4*4 but it is also depend on image size.It is varied with size of image each image of different window size give. As window size increases, smoothness of area considered by that window increases, the noise tolerance of proposed algorithm increases, the computational time of proposed algorithm increases and sharpness of area decreases. It also affects the values of moment computed for feature vector due to averaging of pixels of a window. All the experiments have been performed on both gray and color scale images in MATLAB version 7.10.
SECURITY CONCERN ON CLOUD BASED ON ATTRIBUTES: AN SURVEY
The Cloud computing is the way of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, process and manage data, rather than on to the local server. Security is the most important concern in the cloud computing because the user data is transferring through the insecure medium i.e. Internet. In this paper, we present an overview of existing issues related to the cloud security and algorithms for finegrained access control and data security in the cloud environment. All these algorithms are described more or less on their own. Cloud security is a very popular task. We also explain the fundamentals of sequential rule mining. We describe today’s approaches for cloud security. From the broad variety of efficient algorithms that have been developed we will compare the most important ones. We will systematize the algorithms and analyze their performance based on both their run time performance and theoretical considerations. Their strengths and weaknesses are also investigated. It turns out that the behavior of the algorithms is much more similar as to be expected.
Privacy in Location-Based Services using SP-Filtering in Hide and Seek Protocol with Obfuscation- Based Methods
Privacy in Location based services has always been a question in terms of Security and Privacy. And lately there has been some work done on Privacy part of Location Based Services (LBS). This Privacy known name as “Privacy aware Proximity based services.” In Privacy aware Proximity based services; two mobile users will check if they're in proximity to every alternative while not revealing their actual locations . This paper will describe the implementation of one such protocol which is used for preserving the privacy of user’s exact location called “Hide and Seek Protocol using SPfiltering Protocol”
Cloud Computing: Provide privacy and Security in Databaseas-a-Service
Cloud computing Environment provides the platform to share computing resources and provide different services like SaaS, PaaS and IaaS that will used by organization as private, public or Hybrid. Cloud computing basically known as Everythingas-a-service .Since cloud computing is used shared distributed resources over the world wide network (e.g., internet) in the open environment, thus it will create various security issues in cloud environment and their application. On our personal computer we have full control on data and processes but in cloud environment we used data and application services which are provided by some of other Cloud Service Providers (CSP) (e.g., AWS, Google docs, Go Grid etc.).We overcome these issues of security and privacy by using Radius server which is known as AAA server (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting). Using this we will secure our CSP main server that further link with Data Center which store database of various cloud users. We use client password to encrypt and decrypt their data when they access or store data in Cloud Data Center (CDC).
Analysis of Classification Techniques based on SVM for Face Recognition
SVM and ISVM are the most prominent technique for excellent learning and classification in the field of machine learning such as face detection and recognition, handwriting automatic identification and automatic text categorization, video tracking, Number plate recognition, Traffic Control etc. Nowadays, Face recognition is a challenging task in the field of computer vision. Motive of face recognition is to compare between the Given face database with the input face image and then declare a decision that identifies to whom the input image class belongs to or doesn’t belong to the face database.In this analysis we not only study and also compare the sophisticated classification technique i.e. SVM and ISVM for face recognition along with its pros and cons.
An Approach to for Improving the Efficiency of IDS System Using Honeypot
Increasing technology space has pressurized the orgainsational enviroment to safegraurd its network from outside as well as inside attack. Any malicious intrusion can dragdown a highly reputed organisation to the floors of defamation and even insolvency. Henceforth network security is one of the biggest challenge for organisation. Although traditional concepts of firewall and intrusion detction system is prevailing yet there is a need to secure the enviroment from the so called zero day attacks. Attackers every now and then generate exploits to penetrate the secure network enviroment and the existing known signatures are not able to detect such an attack. This paper brings forth the concept of deployment of honeypot so as to make the IDS system more effective and efficient for the zero day attack leading to least penetration to the network enviroment. This paper lays down a new network architecture so that the IDS system can be updated with the latest attack scenarios. The aforesaid objective is achived with the help of establishment of honeypot. Later tcpdump is used for he further analysis of payload so as to generate alert signautre in IDS(Snort v2.0).
A Novel Algorithm for Design Tree Classification with PCA
Classification technique is useful to categorize data into classes from the current dataset on the basis of a training set of data containing observations (or instances) whose category membership is known. The decision Tree classification algorithm doesn't work well separately for high dimensional data. To improve the efficiency, in our work, we apply principal component analysis and linear transformation together on the original data set for dimensionality reduction after that classification algorithm is applied for a better solution.
IMAGE TRANSFORMATION & DWT BASED IMAGE DECOMPOSITION FOR COVERT COMMUNICATION
ABSTRACT Widely used computer, and therefore require large-scale data storage and transfer, and efficient method of data storage has become necessary. Image compression is to reduce the number of bytes in an image file, without degrading the image quality to an unacceptable level. In reducing the file size to allow more images to be stored in a given amount of memory or disk space. It also reduces the desired image is transmitted from a website via the Internet or downloaded time. Gray image is 256 × 256 pixels of 65,536 Yuan, to store and a typical 640 × 480 colour image of nearly one million. These files are downloaded from the Internet can be very time-consuming task. A significant portion of the image data of the multimedia data comprises they occupy the major portion of the communication bandwidth used for the multimedia communication. Therefore, the development of effective techniques for image compression has become quite necessary [9]. The basic goal of image compression is to find the image representation associated with fewer pixels. Two basic principles used in image compression is redundant and irrelevant. Source Redundancy eliminating redundant and irrelevant omit pixel values rather than by the human eye to detect. International standard for image compression work began in the late 1970s with the CCITT (now ITU-T) requires specification of the binary image compression algorithm facsimile communications. Image compression standard brings many benefits, such as: (1) different image files between devices and applications easily exchanged; (2) the re-use of existing hardware and software products are more widely; (3) the existence of benchmarks and benchmark data sets for new and alternative development.
A Novel Idea of Dynamic Radio Spectrum Management Using Peak Load Pricing Algorithm
The concept of Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) will allow the radio spectrum to be traded in a market like scenario allowing Wireless Service Providers (WSPs) to lease chunks of spectrum on a short-term basis. Such market mechanisms will lead to competition among WSPs where they not only compete to acquire spectrum but also attract and retain users. Currently, there is little understanding on how such a dynamic trading system will operate so as to make the system feasible under economic terms. Synthetic monitoring is a good complement when used with passive monitoring that together will help provide visibility on application health during off peak hours when transaction volume is low. Several concepts are reviewed that are central to the design of spectrum management algorithms emphasizing on spectrum charging and allocation. In connection with these concepts and models, the authors suggested a Peak Load Spectrum Charging Algorithm for the Harmonized Usages Band (HUB) operated by the spectrum broker for homogeneous CDMA networks.
Basic Concept of the Technical Study of the Automatic Traffic Congestion Control System in Delhi, NCR Region
The Technical study analyses existing and expected situation, defines critical localities on the basis of this analysis, which is necessary to solve and defines a framework for solution and its technical characteristics, respectively different alternatives of solutions. The article describes the current state of the ITS in the Delhi, NCR, the scope of the Technical study of urban ITS and an ideological proposal of the Traffic Control System (TCS) in Delhi, NCR. The urban ITS with respect to main goal – capacity increasing of existing urban road network and traffic congestion reducing – has been designed.
Switching and Multicast Schemes in Asynchronous Transfer Mode Networks
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the ATM switching technology and to describe various multicast schemes in ATM Networks. One of the most promising solutions of ATM switches is based on the shared-memory principle. A sharedmemory ATM switch provides sharing of memory space among its switches ports and superior cell loss rate performance compared to input-buffer-based and output-buffer-based ATM under conditions of identical memory size. We studied various multicast schemes, which are presented in this paper.
Social Software: Issues & Challenges
The origins of social software—from blogs to facebooks to instant messaging to wikis—are firmly based in the information technologies of the past few decades. This research bulletin explores the genesis of some of the current social software products, helps define common characteristics, describes how the software is being used in higher education, and examines the implications for activities in colleges and universities. In today’s world where Internet has experienced tremendous growth, social networking sites have become highly significant in peoples’ lives. This study will concentrate on youngsters more precisely college going students in India. The research explores how college students create identity for themselves in the virtual world and how they relate to others online. It will analyze the cultural differences from the youth and discuss whether social networking sites isolate youngsters from the society or help them to build relationships; the participation in these sites is also explored. Survey technique, interview, and online observation were the research methods used. Findings show that Indian students spend more time in these sites. It was also found that virtual interaction taking place in these sites is just a supplement to real life interaction.
Security Issues and Performance Analysis for Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol Networks
Mobile ad-hoc network is a relatively new innovation in the field of wireless technology. These types of networks operate in the absence of fixed infrastructure, which makes them easy to deploy at any place and at any time. Mobile ad-hoc networks are highly dynamic; topology changes and link breakage happen quite frequently. Therefore, we need a security solution, which is dynamic, too. Security in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is an important issue in need of a solution that not only works well with a small network, but also sustains efficiency and scalability. In ad hoc environment, much of the research has been done focusing on the efficiency of the network. Therefore, there are a number of routing protocols that provide good efficiency. Considering security has radically changed the situation, for all of the existing routing protocols are designed with an assumption that the participating players and the network environment do not harm the security. It highly contradicts with the reality. Most of the secure routing protocols have the various disadvantages. In this paper a trusted solution is provided for routing in ad hoc network. The routing protocol is modified by relating the security components. Finally, the simulation results of insecure AODV are studied using simulator.
Performance Evaluation of Bandwidth Optimization Algorithm (BoA) in ATM Networks
All the traffic control schemes have limited application domains: none of them are suitable, alone, for the wide range of traffic services expected in ATM-based networks. Therefore, some integration of these basic schemes should be considered. In this paper, we propose a new traffic control algorithm, called the Bandwidth optimization Algorithm (BOA). BOA is a multi-level control algorithm that attempts to optimally manage network resources and perform traffic control among a wide range of traffic services in ATM-based networks. The basic objective of BOA is to meet the quality of service requirements for different traffic sources, while making the best possible use of network bandwidth. In addition. BOA attempts to minimize network congestion in a preventive way
Mobility Management Issues In 3G & 4G Network
3G refers to technologies associated with wireless communications and is most often associated with cell phones. Popular use of the term 3G, such as "a 3G phone," refers to the types of cell phones equipped to access to a wireless data network using 3G standards. Cell phones and other Internet-enabled devices that use 3G wireless technology are perceived as achieving higher speeds when browsing the Web, downloading files or performing other wireless Internet-related tasks. Numerous different network technologies with their individual pros and cons are existing globally. 4G or Fourth Generation networks are designed to facilitate improved wireless capabilities, network speeds and visual technologies. The growing interest in 4G networks is driven by the set of new services, will be made available for the first time such as accessing the Internet anytime from anywhere, global roaming, and wider support for multimedia applications. This article discusses some of the mobility issues in 4G networks along with a little coverage of the evolution of different generations.
Analysis of E-marketing by using Social Media like Facebook, Twitter and Blogs for Small Scale Business and Medium Scale Business and its Security Issues
Social Marketing/E-Marketing is a Marketing process adopted widely by TOP fortune companies or Small scale and Medium Scale enterprises. As we are living in the world of Information Technology which is modern era where each company is having 50% of budget of marketing for Digital Marketing so huge scope is available for doing research in to this area. During my research I have focused on various ways of doing E-Marketing and its wide acceptance. But security is the major aspect to maintain the privacy and security of personal and professional information. Blogs, Twitter, Facebook are majorly used to maintain networking, but this is not only the solution, we must be creative, innovative and effective. Trust is the major factor in case of online shopping. It should also follow B2B policy. In E-marketing brand awareness, perceived quality, brand association and brand loyalty should be taken care of
Dynamic Watermarking for Prevention Phishing Attack
According to this approach user will be asked for some additional information like watermark image, its fixing position and secret key at the time of user’s registration and these credentials of particular user will be changed at per login. During each login phase a user will verify the authentic watermark with its position and decide the legitimacy of website. Nowadays phishing attacks are increasing with burgeoning rate which is highly problematic for social and financial websites. Many anti-phishing mechanisms currently focused to verify whether a web site is genuine or not. This paper proposes a novel anti-phishing approach based on Dynamic watermarking technique.
Data Management in Cloud: Study of Existing Systems And Future Opportunities
The cloud is becoming more popular day by day. More companies are shifting to the cloud computing paradigm. The amount of data generated by e-commerce has grown exponentially. The business can generate huge scale up requirement in a short span of time. The data storage is meant to accommodate the changes required and scale up accordingly. However, the traditional databases do not provide the desired scalability, having their own limitations. Therefore, NoSQL systems come into picture. The paper explains the term ‘scalability’ and discusses NoSQL systems and their classes. This paper reviews and compares the existing scalable database management systems in cloud.
Computer Vision Approaches for Offline Signature Verification & Forgery Detection: A Survey
Automated signature verification and forgery detection has many applications in the field of Bank-cheque processing, document authentication. ATM access etc. Handwritten signatures have proved to be important in authenticating a person's identity, who is signing the document. In this paper, reviews of previous studies and systems to verify signatures and detect forgery is provided and analyzed. Brief summary of computer vision techniques are presented to automate the process. Also, the important features and shortcomings of these systems and studies in this field are summarized in this paper.
Cloud Computing: Software as a Services Business Application Challenges
Information technology is still evolving and changing rapidly. At present almost everyone in this world can get connected to the Internet. Organizations are striving for attaining their full potential by rapidly realizing innovative business models while simultaneously lowering the IT barriers for driving in innovations and changes. This has resulted into the invention of a new delivery model of IT Services, which is now popularly known as SaaS or Software as Service - a software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a vendor or service provider and made available to customers over a network, typically the Internet. The concept is simple and attractive: Use the ERP Software Service and Pay the Subscription Fee. SaaS is one of the services of Cloud Computing, which is based on a "one-to-many" model whereby an IT application is shared across multiple clients/users. It fundamentally uses Cloud Computing Platform for delivering IT enabled Services. There are certain technical challenges involved in the adoption of SaaS technology and some of the challenges are Data security, Customization and Scalability and this research paper is to find out the challenges involved in SaaS business application by both secondary as well as primary data analysis The main aim of this research effort was to examine the challenging factors for the adoption of ERP/Business Application on Software as a Service Delivery Model and for that very purpose 6 factors are identified based on literature review and tested with collected primary data .
A Survey of Computer Vision and Soft Computing Techniques for Ripeness Grading of Fruits
Now a 'days agriculture is one field where automated systems for classification and grading of fruits can be very useful not only for farmers but at experts in taking fast and accurate decisions. Over some recent year’s customers and buyers lifestyles and needs have increased and there have been many changes. Such lifestyle and changes have proved to be a challenge for the farmers and experts in the field of agriculture. Because of this with the help of technology a well-defined automated system need to be present in the market which would grade and analyze the agricultural products with minimum error. Thus giving the farmers best product to sell and make the customers feel happy for the money they have spent. This survey paper presents the literature review of various related systems and earlier studies done in the field grading of fruits on the basis of their ripeness. Then the comparative study of different computational techniques for ripeness grading has been done.
Implementation and evaluation of novel scheduler of UC/OS (RTOS)
At present, there are more than a billion embedded applications either real time or non-real time. Among them, many appli cations require Prioritized queue of periodic tasks. UC/OS, one of the most widely Used real-time kernels in industry, has preemptive scheduler and doesn't Support two tasks at same priority level. This work proposes a modification in scheduler of UC/OS (RTOS) to make it more exible in handling a periodic and periodic task. The proposed scheduler allows assigning same priority to more than one task. Tasks with same priority are in queue, where their position is decided on first come (created) first Served basis. Time-slicing is used for scheduling tasks in same queue. Emendations in the task management and scheduler have been explained in detailed. Evaluation, to observe the effect of modified scheduling on Overhead of system calls is done on an evaluation board.
PACKET DROPPING ATTACKS IN MANET: A SURVEY
Due to the numerous applications areas of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) such as military and war communications, disaster recovery, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) etc. These wireless networks became targets of different types of attacks caused by various methods used by the attackers. Furthermore, the multi-hop communication in MANETs requires intermediate nodes to perform data communication between a source- destination pair. This provides a chance to the attackers to either steel the identity of the legitimate intermediate node or directly become part of the discovered route that will be used for data communication. In this way, MANETs are very vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. Also, a large number of applications over MANETs are increasing exponentially during recent years because of the advancements in the hardware design of hand-held devices and deployment mechanisms of wireless networks. This growing popularity of MANETs is one of the reasons due to which the number of attacks is increasing in these networks. At present many researchers working on the field of MANETs are working towards the analysis of various attacks that are injected in MANETs and also try to develop solution to either detect or prevent these attacks. In this paper, we present a detailed survey on various types of packet dropping attacks that are proposed in the recent years by various researchers working on the areas of attacks over MANETs with their detection methods (if given and available in the literature).
A Multicasting Routing Protocol E-ODMRP
ODMRP is a multicasting routing protocol design for ad-hoc network .this protocol is based on the mesh structure and used the concept of forwarding group .it can dynamically build the routes to maintain the multicasting between different group or in different nodes .ODMRP is used in ad-hoc because it is wireless network ,bandwidth is limited and topology changes frequently, a multicasting routing is challenge under the node or host mobility and limited bandwidth .in this paper the EODMRP is a multicasting routing protocol retain all the property of ODMRP. The main aim of this paper is to designed a secured multicast network ,which ill be safeguarded against all the mis activity of routing ,data modification, attack like flooding attack and black hole attack.
A New Method for Image Steganography With Enhanced Confidentiality
Steganography is the art of hiding information within other information in such a way that it is hard or even impossible to identify that it is there. As the demand of more secure yet efficient image steganography techniques has increased, there are many different steganography and encoding techniques have been proposed. The aim of this paper is to propose a new approach for the steganography with improved confidentiality. In this manuscript we are also presenting a new table for encoding the characters.
Techniques of Streaming Stored Multimedia
Inline to the growing demand for information on the web, streaming of data has gained much importance across tracks; however at the same time so has evolved the methods towards plagiarizing the content sent across using complicated techniques. This article talks about the ideas towards how one could protect the streamed across stored media from being stolen yet leverage the potential of entertainment that it could generate to the best extent possible.
Enhanced Artificial Bees Colony Algorithm for Travelling Salesman Problem
This paper presents an improved algorithm for Travelling Salesman Problem using Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm. This algorithm is used to find shortest path such that a salesman visit each city exactly once. The ABC algorithm used is inspired by the collective behavior of bees to find better food sources around the hive.
Comparative Analysis of Network Simulator for Vehicular AdHoc Networks (VANET) Communication
Recently, Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) can offer various services and benefits to VANET users and thus deserves deployment effort. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are aimed at addressing critical issues like passenger safety and traffic congestion when integrates ICT with transportation infrastructure. This infrastructure is called Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET), Vehicular communication systems facilitate communication devices for exchange of information among vehicles and between vehicles and roadside equipment. Working in tandem with the fielded Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) infrastructure, VANET will enhance the awareness of traffic by aggregating, propagating and disseminating up-to -the minute information about existing or impending traffic-related events. In support of their mission, Here we consider that every study should chose the appropriate simulator based on its requirements
Comparative Study of Spatial Watermarking of Various Video formats
At the forefront of the information world it is all available in the shape of digital media. Digital watermarking has been introduced to provide authentication owners and copy right protection. Digital video watermarking is the process of embedding a digital code in the digital video sequences. Digital video watermarking is nothing but a sequence of consecutive still images. Over recent years applications based on video, pay-per-view, video-on-demand, video broadcasting are becoming more and more popular, which yield requirements to increase safety in the delivery of video. In this paper, the concept of digital video watermarking, its terminology, principle, properties, applications, and classification is introduced i.e. the detailed technique of watermarking such as Spatial Domain Watermarks (Correlation-Based Techniques, Least Significant Bit Modification), Frequency Domain Watermarks (Discrete Cosine Transform, Discrete Wavelet Transform). We have taken three video codec i.e. MPEG, IV 50, MJPG of respective video formats MPEG2, H.261 and AVI, which has been watermarked using BITGET video watermarking technique and comparative study among different video formats has been done to provide chaotic map and the efficient video format for watermarking which withstand on the essential ingredients such as fidelity, robustness, use of keys, blind detection, capacity and speed, statistical imperceptibility, low error probability, real-time detector complexity
Codes from the Cyclic Group of Order Three
In this paper we use cyclic group Z3 and its regular representation to produce a couple of linear error-correcting codes. We also discuss their duals.
An Hybrid approach for Intrusion Detection
Now a day’s security in network has become very important issue in network. Hackers and intruders are trying to crack the systems of various organizations. Intrusion detection has traditionally been performed at the operating system level by comparing expected and observed system resource usage. Gradually with time network intrusion detection came into existence .And thereafter an age of Data Mining came, which lead to evolution of many ideas in intrusion detection. Many algorithms like A-Priory algorithm were used in network to avoid hackers into the network. A new approach has been proposed in which anomaly detection takes place with the help of two approaches called FP-Growth and Registry Anomaly Detection which made the Intrusion Detection System much more efficient and Accurate as compared to the existing System.
A Comparison between Scilab inbuilt module and Novel method for image fusion
Image fusion is one of the important embranchments of data fusion. Its purpose is to synthesis multi-image information in one scene to one image which is more suitable to human vision and computer vision or more adapt to further image processing such as target identification. This paper mainly compares the Scilab inbuilt module and novel method for image fusion. By using scilab as experimental platform, we approved the feasibility and validity of method. The result indicate that the fused image quality would be very effective and clear.
Review Paper On Web Service Security
A web service is defined as a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. Put in another way, Web services provide a framework for system integration, independent of programming language and operating system. Web services are widely deployed in current distributed systems and have become the technology of choice. The suitability of Web services for integrating heterogeneous systems is largely facilitated through its extensive use of the Extensible Markup Language (XML). Thus, the security of a Web services based system depends not only on the security of the services themselves, but also on the confidentiality and integrity of the XML based SOAP messages used for communication. Recently, Web services have generated great interests in both vendors and researchers. A web service, based on existing Internet protocols and open standards, and provides a flexible solution to the problem of application integration. This paper provides an overview of the web services, web service security and the various algorithms used for encryption of the SOAP messages.
Survey on Asymmetric Key Cryptography Algorithms
Asymmetric key encryption is also called public key encryption. It uses two keys known as a public and a private key. Data encrypted with one key can be decrypted only with the other key. This paper discusses some public key algorithms and its advantages and disadvantages such as Rivest Shamir Adleman, Diffi-Hellman, Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Elliptic Curve Diffi-Hellman, ElGamal Encryption Algorithm, Knapsack Algorithm, Digital Signature Algorithm and Short Range Natural Numbers.
Acceptance Test Driven Development
This document addresses the benefit of acceptance test driven development processes and solutions in the IT domain. Over a past decade it seems that the business requirements are fluidic in nature. In order to ensure quality IT deliverable with minimal rework and lower defect density, in midst of the ever changing business requirement, it’s important to ensure following: Requirement understanding at granular level since the day of inception. Tangible, measurable and testable code development meeting user’s requirements. Regular feedback based interim automated testing during the course of development cycle.
Process Mining – New era in process management - A Survey
Process Mining is extraction of process models from event logs recorded by information systems. It acts as a bridge between data mining and business process. It is possible to use process mining to monitor deviations (e.g., comparing the observed events with predefined models or business rules in the context of SOX). . This technology has become available only recently, but it can be applied to any type of operational processes (organizations and systems). Example applications include: analyzing treatment processes in hospitals, improving customer service processes in a multinational, understanding the browsing behavior of customers using a booking site, analyzing failures of a baggage handling system, and improving the user interface of an X-ray machine The paper does a survey of important process mining aspects- its perspective, types, tools available for it, advantages and the fundamental algorithm used in Process Mining- Alpha Miner Algorithm.
Ant Colony Optimization Based Routing Algorithm in Various Wireless Sensor Network- A Survey
Wireless Sensor Network has several issues and challenges due to limited battery backup, limited computation capability, and limited computation capability. These issues and challenges must be taken care while designing the algorithms to increase the Network lifetime of WSN. Routing, the act of moving information across an internet world from a source to a destination is one of the vital issue associated with Wireless Sensor Network. The Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is a probabilistic technique for solving computational problems that can be used to find optimal paths through graphs. The short route will be increasingly enhanced therefore become more attractive. The foraging behavior and optimal route finding capability of ants can be the inspiration for ACO based algorithm in WSN. The nature of ants is to wander randomly in search of food from their nest. While moving, ants lay down a pheromone trail on the ground. This chemical pheromone has the ability to evaporate with the time. Ants have the ability to smell pheromone. When selecting their path, they tend to select, probably the paths that has strong pheromone concentrations. As soon as an ant finds a food source, carries some of it back to the nest. While returning, the quantity of chemical pheromone that an ant lay down on the ground may depend on the quantity and quality of the food. The pheromone trails will lead other ants towards the food source. The path which has the strongest pheromone concentration is followed by the ant which is the shortest paths between their nest and food source. This paper surveys the ACO based routing in various Networking domains like Wireless Sensor Networks and Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.
An Efficient Ant Optimized Multipath Routing In Wireless Sensor Network
Today, the Wireless Sensor Network is increasingly gaining popularity and importance. It is the more interesting and stimulating area of research. Now, the WSN is applied in object tracking and environmental monitoring applications. This paper presents the self-optimized model of multipath routing algorithm for WSN which considers definite parameters like delay, throughput level and loss and generates the outcomes that maximizes data throughput rate and minimizes delay and loss. This algorithm is based on ANT optimization technique that will bring out an optimal and organized route for WSN and is also to avoid congestion in WSN, the algorithm incorporate multipath capability.
License Plate Recognition: An Insight to the Proposed Approach for Plate Localization and Binarization Technique
License Plate Recognition (LPR) system for vehicles is an innovative and a very challenging area for research due to the innumerous plate formats and the nonuniform outdoor illumination conditions during which images are acquired. Thus, most approaches developed, work under certain restrictions such as fixed illumination, stationary background and limited speed. Algorithms developed for LPR systems are generally composed of three significant stages: 1] localization of the license plate from an entire scene image; 2] segmentation of the characters on the plate; 3] recognition of each of the segmented characters. A simple approach for preprocessing of the images, localization and extraction phase has been described in this paper. Numerous procedures have been developed for LPR systems and are assessed in this paper taking into consideration issues like processing time, computational power and recognition rate wherever available.
A mobile monitoring and alert SMS system with remote configuration – A case study for android and the fused location provider
One of the parent´s main concerns nowadays it to know their children´s whereabouts. Some applications exist to address this issue and most of them rely on internet connection which makes the solution expensive. In this paper we present a low cost solution, based on SMS, and with the ability to remotely configure the child monitoring process. We also present the architecture and the full flowchart of the child application whenever a SMS is received. This case study uses Android and the more recent location API – the Fused Location Provider. For obvious reasons, the security issue has been a concern, which resulted in a configuration module in the child application to specify authorized senders.
Performance Analysis of AODV with the constraints of Varying Terrain Area and Pause Time in Wireless Sensor Networks using NS-3 Simulator
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are wireless networks, where there is no requirement for any infrastructure support to transfer data packets between mobile nodes. These nodes communicate in a multi-hop mode; each mobile node acts both as a host and router. The main job of Quality of Service (QoS)[1][2] routing in MANETs is to search and establish routes among different mobile nodes for satisfying QoS requirements of wireless sensor networks as PDR, Average end-to-end delay, Average Throughput. The QoS routing protocols efficient for commercial, real-time and multimedia applications are in demand for day to day activities[2].
Traffic Detection System Using Android
Traffic Detection System is an Android application that aims at determining the behavior of traffic in a particular location. It calculates the speed of the vehicle and the level of congestion or the amount of traffic is determined on the basis of the values of sensors. If any such obstruct found, then the driver is provided an option to send messages regarding high traffic to his/her friends. After a distinct number of repeated low speed and breaks, the location of the vehicle (latitude and longitude) send to a pre-specified contact (selected in case of traffic congestion) through an SMS. This application uses the features of the Global positioning system. The Latitude, as well as the longitude of the location where traffic jams are formed, is sent to the friends of the user. The Goggle map of the location also sends to the friends. It uses the SMS Manager a functionality of Android. The friends receiving the messages will thereby avoid taking the congested route and hence the level of traffic on the congested road will decrease, and the friends will reach the destination in comparatively less time
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF CHEMICAL FERTLIZER COMPANIES – A STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FERTILIZERS AND CHEMICALS TRAVANCORE LIMITED (FACT)
The era of corporate organizations paying lip service to social responsibility is fast coming to an end. The recent past has seen corporate social responsibility becoming a process from a concept and also organizations deriving value from this initiative. The purpose of the present paper is to study innovative practices of CSR by Indian Corporates and also the level of CSR initiatives taken by the FACT Cochin Division. Though there are several industries in the Indian corporate sector, the Chemical industry is considered as one of the highly polluting industries. Therefore the researcher has taken a special effort to analyse the social commitment of this company with financial as well as market performance. The study mainly explores the various Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) of FACT Ltd. The paper examines how the Company, view and conduct their CSR activities. The study is based on secondary data collection and use of content analysis technique to assess CSR practices of Chemical Industries.
DESIGN OF AIRFOIL USING BACKPROPAGATION TRAINING WITH MIXED APPROACH
Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation training method has some limitations associated with over fitting and local optimum problems. Here, we proposed a new algorithm to increase the convergence speed of Backpropagation learning to design the airfoil. The aerodynamic force coefficients corresponding to series of airfoil are stored in a database along with the airfoil coordinates. A feedforward neural network is created with aerodynamic coefficient as input to produce the airfoil coordinates as output. In the proposed algorithm, for output layer, we used the cost function having linear & nonlinear error terms then for the hidden layer, we used steepest descent cost function. Results indicate that this mixed approach greatly enhances the training of artificial neural network and may accurately predict airfoil profile.
Leader Election Approach: A Comparison and Survey
In distributed system, the coordinator is needed to manage the use of the resources in the shared environment. Many algorithms have been proposed for the same. They have various positive and negative parts. Here we will discuss those issues which ensure the efficiency of the algorithm for election leader. Here a comparison will be provided to show the advantages and disadvantages of different election algorithms. The comparison would be based on the number of messages passing and the order of time complexity.
A Survey of Modified Support Vector Machine using Particle of Swarm Optimization for Data Classification
Dynamic feature evaluation and concept evaluation is major challenging task in the field of data classification. The continuity of data induced a new feature during classification process, but the classification process is predefined task for assigning data into class. Data comes into multiple feature sub-set format into infinite length. The infinite length not decided the how many class are assigned. Support vector machine is well recognized method for data classification. For the process of support vector machine evaluation of new feature during classification is major problem. The problem of feature evaluation decreases the performance of Support Vector Machine (SVM). For the improvement of support vector machine, particle of swarm optimization technique is used. Particle of swarm optimization controls the dynamic feature evaluation process and decreases the possibility of confusion in selection of class and increase the classification ratio of support vector machine. Particle of swarm optimization work in two phases one used as dynamic population selection and another are used for optimization process of evolved new feature
SURVEY ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK USING MAC PROTOCOL WITH NETWORK PROTOCOLS
The main objective of this survey paper is to provide a detailed description of Wireless Sensor Networks with Medium Access Control layer and Routing layer. In the medium access control layer, Event Driven Time Division Multiple Access protocol is studied and in Network layer, two routing protocols Bellman-Ford and Dynamic Source Routing are studied.
Induction Motor Fault Diagnosis by Motor Current Signature Analysis and Neural Network Techniques
—Early detection of faults occurring in three-phase induction motors can appreciably reduce the costs of maintenance, which could otherwise be too much costly to repair. Internal faults in three phase induction motors can result in significant performance degradation and eventual system failures. Artificial intelligence techniques have numerous advantages over conventional Model-based and Signal Processing fault diagnostic approaches; therefore, in this paper, a softcomputing system was studied through Neural Network Analysis to detect and diagnose the stator and rotor faults. The fault diagnostic system for three-phase induction motors samples the fault symptoms and then uses a Neural Network model to first train and then identify the fault which gives fast accurate diagnostics. This approach can also be extended to other applications
Design of Ternary Sequence Using MSAA
Pulse Compression Sequence (PCS) are widely used in radar to increase the range resolution. Binary sequence has the limitation that the compression ratio is small. Ternary code is suggested as an alternative. The design of ternary sequence with good Discriminating Factor (DF) and merit factor can be considered as a nonlinear multivariable optimization problem which is difficult to solve. In this paper, we proposed a new method for designing ternary sequence by using Modified Simulated Annealing Algorithm (MSAA). The general features such as global convergence and robustness of the statistical algorithm are revealed
Swarm Intelligence Technique on Ant Colony Optimization Cluster Algorithm
This project proposes an swarm intelligence technique on ant colony optimization cluster algorithm. It introduces new adjustment process, which adjusts the cluster generated by the carry process iteratively. Cluster analysis is a data mining technology designed to derive a good understanding of data to solve clustering problems by extracting useful information from a large volume of mixed data elements. This algorithm can improve the efficiency and the convergence of the cluster theoretically. Ant colony algorithm can form more accurate and stable clusters than the K-modes Algorithm, Information Entropy-Based Cluster Algorithm and LF Algorithm Scalability experiments show that the running time has an obvious linear relationship with the size of data set. This Algorithm can handle large datasets. The system aim is to increase the classification performance through the Ant Colony Optimixation Algorithm and to decrease the false alarm rate.
ONLINE SECURITY FOR PRIVATE CLOUD SECURITY
A cloud storage system, consisting of a collection of storage servers, provides long-term storage services over the Internet. Storing data in a third party’s cloud system causes serious concern over data confidentiality. General encryption schemes protect data confidentiality, but also limit the functionality of the storage system because few operations are supported over encrypted data. Constructing a secure storage system that supports multiple functions are challenging when the storage system is distributed and has no central authority. Propose a threshold proxy re-encryption scheme and integrate it with a decentralized erasure code such that a secure distributed storage system is formulated. The distributed storage system not only supports secure and robust data storage and retrieval, but also let a user forward data in the storage servers to another user without retrieving the data back. The main technical contribution is that the proxy re-encryption scheme supports encoding operations over encrypted messages as well as forwarding operations over encoded and encrypted messages. Our method fully integrates encrypting, encoding, and forwarding. Analyze and suggest suitable parameters for the number of copies of a message dispatched to storage servers and the number of storage servers queried by a key server. These parameters allow more flexible adjustment between the number of storage servers and robustness.
FIN ALGORITHM FOR GENERATING FREQUENT ITEMSET IN BIG DATA
Big data being an emerging research area, handling issues like storing, searching, sorting, retrieving, securing, analyzing and visualizing are of immense importance. Association rule mining helps to analyze the customer behavior in the market thereby excelling business intelligence. In this paper we propose a novel FIN algorithm with map-reduce concept to mine frequent itemset in big data which helps in increase the performance by parallel processing. The map-reducer function helps in performing the parallel execution on identifying the frequent itemset by using FIN algorithm. The performance of FIN is faster when compared with traditional algorithm Apriori, FP growth. This will also be applicable when it is perform in big data. The effectiveness of the algorithm is increased because of parallelization. This proposed strategy ca
DESIGN OF CLUSTER NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL FOR UNDERWATER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Wireless sensor network is a clustered form of network with comprises of large number of sensor nodes .Nodes that are controlled by clustered node are very efficient for data transmission. Sensor nodes are continuously monitored by the network. The detection of sensor finds the way for the data transmission from the sender to the receiver.A sensor node has the less consumption of energy with it retain or transmit the data in the network.
DISCOVER EMERGING TOPICS IN SOCIAL NETWORKING
Web Mining is the retrieval of useful information from web. The information exchanged in social network posts includes not only text but also images, URLs, and videos. This system focuses on mentions of users – links between users that are generated through replies, mentions, and retweets. The probability model is proposed to detect the emergence of a new topic from the anomalies measured through the model. The technique demonstrated on trained dataset using web application. Aggregating anomaly scores from hundreds of users, shows that detecting emerging topics only based on the reply/mention relationships in social network posts. The experiments show that the proposed mention-anomaly-based approaches can detect new topics at least as early as text-anomalybased approaches.
DETECTION OF MALICIOUS NODES IN MANETs
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is a kind of network composed of mobile devices distributed in a geographic area where there is a lack of fixed infrastructure or centralized administration. Nodes within communication range communicate directly, while those out of range make use of other nodes to forward the message to given destination. In MANETs packet dropping attacks have remarkable consequences among other threats. Malicious nodes drop received data or control messages instead of relaying them, thus by affecting the traffic in the network. Blackhole attacks imply malicious nodes dropping all the packets they receive. Grayhole attacks are similar but malicious nodes drop packets statistically by following a predetermined probability distribution. It should be emphasized that recognizing the actual cause(mobility, collision, errors, malicious behavior)for packet dropping in MANETs is still an open challenge, which is necessarily be addressed in order to reduce the number of false positives in IDS schemes. An Analytical model is introduced in order to distinguish between the legitimate packet dropping and malicious packet dropping behaviors. For that an enhanced windowing method is used for collecting the features from the network. From the features, the probabilities are to be calculated that are involved in analytical model. Based on the dropping probability that is estimated, concluded that the analyzed packet dropping node is malicious or legitimate by comparing with the predefined detection threshold.
CONTENT BASED FILTERING WITH BLACKLIST
One fundamental issue in today’s online social networks (OSNs) is to give users the ability to control the messages posted on their own private space and to avoid the unwanted content that is displayed. Right now, OSNs provide only little support to this requirement. To fill the gap, a system is proposed which allows OSN users to have a direct control on the messages posted on their private space. This is achieved through a flexible rule-based system that allows the users to customize the filtering criteria to be applied to their space, and a Machine Learning-based soft classifier that automatically labels messages in support of content-based filtering. Short-text classifier is used which includes two levels; in the first level short-texts are labeled with crisp Neutral & non-neutral labels. The second level soft classifier acts on the non-neutral short texts, produces estimated appropriateness or “Gradual Membership” for each of the conceived classes, this list of grades is then used by the subsequent phases of the filtering process.
AUTOMATED TESTING TOOL FOR SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE
The general undertaking of the software engineering is to make sure the deliverance of high quality software to the customer. To certify high quality software, it is mandatory to test software. Testing is an important part of software engineering. In software testing there are number of underlying issues like effective generation of test cases, prioritisation of test cases which need to be handled. This automated testing tool mainly depends on these four perspectives: test strategy, test case generation, test execution and test evaluation. Test strategy is a compilation of events that determines the testing approach to be followed by the testing panel. The test case generation refers to the generation of testcases based on the certain application.The test execution explains about the execution of those tests then comparing the estimated result with tangible result. The test evaluation investigates the test cases and helps us to generate test summary report and software quality assurance report automatically. The intention of producing this tool is to generate test cases automatically and to decrease the cost of testing in addition to mount up the time of deriving test cases manually. Hence this system helps to progress overall eminence of the software.
A Survey of Software Development using optimization techniques
Software is becoming an increasingly critical-competitive factor because of the high cost of developing software and its extra-ordinarily high busi-ness impact. Although there are challenges in software development including accelerated and bug free software delivery which are correlated with business requirements. Now a days, new process models are introduced for different requirements. In this paper, we can discuss software development based optimization techniques.
ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS LEVELS OF PENETRATION BY SQL INJECTION TECHNIQUE THROUGH DVWA
In this paper, we represent a comparative analysis of several levels of SQL Injection vulnerabilities, attacks. We are now going to define SQLI. It is very harmful and directly injected into the database SQLI is a technique to access data from the database with the help of SQLI (SQL injection) query. We will define SQL injection process through following procedure: DVWA (Damn Vulnerable Web Application).Damn Vulnerable Web Application (DVWA) is tool to work on PHP/MySQL. It is facilitated for security professionals and net developers to check out their skills and tools in a legal environment. It may help web developers to know the processes of securing web application. The DVWA tool is used for analyzing the vulnerabilities through SQL Injection
Comparative Analysis of Semantic and Syntactic Based Search Engines
Semantic based search engines are better than syntactic or key word based search engines as they have the ability to understand the meaning of the searched term and provide more specific data. We studied semantic (Hakia, Kosmix, Cognition, Lexxe, Swoogle) and syntactic (Google, Yahoo, Ask) based search engines and compared their search performance and analyzed them using specific queries. We also focused on some specific algorithms i.e. Page Rank algorithm, Weighted Page rank algorithm, Tag search algorithm
A parallel algorithm for reading the different variables in social networks using data mining techniques.
A social networks is a social structures made up of a set of nodes(such as individuals or organizations),set of different variables, and other social interactions between nodes. The social network provides a set of methods for analyzing the structures of whole social networks as well as different variables observed in structures. A social network analysis is a important factor for mapping and measuring of relationships and data flows between in organizations or groups. The links shows the relationships and flows between the nodes in social networks. The process of reading the different variables and information retrieving in social networks using data mining techniques such as preprocessing, data analysis and data interpretation for analyzing the information of different variables concurrently in social networks. A data mining techniques for reading a different variables in social networks and different algorithm approaches for reading variables concurrently
Comparative Analysis of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter using SPWM Technique
This paper proposes comparison between symmetrical and asymmetrical Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CMLI) using the multicarrier based SPWM Technique with induction motor as a load. Multilevel inverter have become more popular over the years in high power medium voltage application without the use of the transformer and with less disturbance & reduced harmonic distortion. In this paper three phase configuration of cascaded h-bridge multilevel inverter are studied. Here, carrier based sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) Technique is used as the modulation strategy. In this modulation strategy include the phase disposition technique (PD), phase opposition disposition technique (POD), and an alternative phase opposition disposition technique (APOD). All the study of the technique has been carried out the MATLAB/SIMULINK and evaluation of CMLI using SPWM technique in terms of THD.
Advance in GSM Based Home Automation Saving Energy in Home by Using Android Phone
In this paper, it is described how to control home appliances and save energy in home. The GSM network has been made for using of control system. This system acts as embedded system, which can be used for controlling the appliances. Advantage of using GSM SIM is that the owner can control the home appliances by android phone from any place in the world. This system allows theowner to control and receive a feedback status of the home equipments by sending instructions in form of SMS. For saving energy in home , all home appliances have been connected through microcontroller with GSM SIM by which if any appliances is left Turned-ON then GSM SIM will send SMS to owner and owner can Turn-OFF the appliance from any place and GSM SIM send feedback to owner that home appliance is TurnedOFF, by which owner can save energy. Thus by using GSM technology,
Prediction of Moulding Sand Properties Using Multiple Regression Methodology
Optimum formation of the green sand mixture continues to remain a critical problem for the foundry man. In the present work, the research approach start from the study of all possible defects and process parameter selection from various research paper for sand casting process. Out of all available research papers, one was used in the analysis process. The data so obtained were used to train and test Multiple regression analysis in MINITAB 15 Software for modeling the green sand mould system. In the present work, the five mould properties (GFN, Clay%, Moisture%, Mulling time and Hardness) were fed to the multiple regression analysis as inputs. The Green compressive strength is fed as outputs. Several samples of data were collected; same have been used to carryout the present investigation. The first few samples were used for analysis and the remaining sam
Usability of AADHAR in Election Process: New Paradigm
In current scenario, lot of question is arising over the authenticity of EVM machine, even after lot of efforts put by election commission in proper implementation through different monitoring channels under strict security guidelines. Though through reports it was just that, EVM is not temper free as it’s a machine and it can be tempered intentionally because handlers are human being only. So, in the global era of Internet, It seems very much possible that we can see the next election voting using AADHAAR facilities. A new IoT paradigm in which, Aadhaar seeding with the electoral role can make it possible to ‘identify’ and ‘authenticate’ the voter/ individual, which is a prime condition to identify a individual /voter uniquely to cast their vote and also individual can have liberty of location independency as well to cast their vote to particular candidate or party to their constituency. And going further, this AADHAAR service can be fruitful in designing new election process in three simple steps firstly, electoral role-Aadhaar Seeding, to map the voter to particular polling station/location and/or assembly, secondly, Aadhaar Authentication through registered devices available at preidentified location i.e. Aadhaar Voting Centre’s (AVA) followed by third step, to cast their vote through secured web service using Aadhaar OTP/Authentication PIN. With this we can also able to ensure the CIA constraint of Information Security as well which is necessary for any critical process.
Wi-Fi Networks Security Enhancement
In this paper, author focuses on the security issues related to a particular wireless technology, namely Wi-Fi networks. Wi-Fi is one of today’s leading wireless technologies, with Wi-Fi support being integrated into more and more devices. Wi-Fi networks can be simple or complex depending on needs and design. Poorly secured Wi-Fi networks can be utilized to attack networks and corporations from the inside, instead of attempting to do it externally from the Internet. An imperfectly secured Wi-Fi network can be exploited for other purposes that do not directly threaten the owner of the compromised Wi-Fi networks. Security is now an essential element that forms the cornerstone of every corporate network. There are many owners of Wi-Fi networks are oblivious to the risks involved and fail to secure their networks adequately. Even large corporations may not be able to secure their Wi-Fi networks as much as they wish. The constraints following a secure implementation will not always enable all of their users to connect with the ease required. More secure systems are complex, and interoperability can become a problem. Wi-Fi is an acronym for wireless fidelity, commonly seen as IEEE 802.11b. A user with a Wi-Fi product may use any brand of access point with any other brand of client hardware that is built to use Wi-Fi. In this paper author also focused some techniques in r
Protect a University Website from the Different Types of Outside Attacks
A university website design and maintain its security are very important issues. University networks and websites are decentralized which makes it difficult to ensure consistent the security levels. One department employs a guarded security infrastructure while other departments lack security measures. Depending on the security strength of the servers and computer network systems, attackers can either succeed or fail in their attempt to gain unauthorized access into the website. The word security means protection against malicious attack by outsiders and by insiders. Security threats can originate from a diverse group of sources including hackers and thieves residing outside the campus as well as students with technical knowledge and university staff members associated with the university. In this paper author has focus on the university websites challen
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANETs): A Brief Overview
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) is innovative technology hitting the street during past few years due to its flexible and fault tolerance nature. It has been an exceptionally novel application of mobile Ad hoc network (MANETs) and cellular technology. Basically the idea is to have an Ad hoc connecting nearby vehicles. The network between various vehicles changes dynamically as vehicles move at different speed, changing their relative distance, therefore these networks have no fixed infrastructure they depend on vehicles themselves to provide network functionality. VANETs can be differentiated from other Ad hoc network by its hybrid network architecture, node movement; security and characteristics hence are is feasible in both an urban environment and a rural sparsely populated area. In this paper we will study introduction, history, architecture, characteristic, routing, security attacks and application of VANETs.
Buying Preferences of Consumers for Small Passenger Cars: Maruti Suzuki Ltd. & Hyundai Motor India
The automobile industry is one of the core industries in India economy, whose prospect is reflective of the economic resilience of the economy. With the liberalization of the economy, India has become the playground of major global automobile majors. The automobile industry in India is gradually evolving to replicate those of developed countries. The qualitative analysis of the various trends reveals, that the industry offers immense scope even for allied industries and those looking at investing in the auto industry. The paper studies consumer buying preferences and the factors that have influence on it. For the study two brands of the car market have been taken viz, Maruti & Hyundai. A total of 200 employees were approached, out of which only 115 responded and reliability was also checked for the questionnaire. Oneway ANOVA had been applied to test the hypothesis. The study concluded that users prefer Maruti for its services and Hyundai for its features
ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING FINANCIAL LITERACY LEVELS OF INDIAN INVESTORS
Financial Literacy is a fundamental knowledge that people need in order to attain their financial wellbeing. The financial literacy level can be measured by evaluating different investment decisions in relation with demographic and socio-economic factors. The subject matter of financial literacy is relatively new, and not much of research is accessible particularly with respect to India. The main thrust of the study is to summarize the influencing forces in the field of financial literacy .An attempt has been made to understand the meaning of financial literacy and identify the factors which influencing it taking into consideration the previous research and literature as back ground . The study reveals that financial literacy levels across the nation are far from the needed level. Income, education , workplace and gender affects it the most. The study attempts to establish the relationship between financial literacy and investment decisions. The study can be useful for policy makers to work out strategies in order to improve financial literacy level.
DYNAMIC STUDY OF STATCOM
The electrical power system all over the world tries to provide a safe and reliable electric power to its consumers. But one of the most important problems encountered by the power system is that of power system stability. A power system is said to be stable if it remains in its state of equilibrium even after being subjected to disturbance. Hence, for maintaining power system stability FACTS devices are used. Flexible AC Transmission devices (FACTS) provide reactive power compensation, wave correction and maintain voltage profile of line. They are further of two types: shunt connected and series connected. One such shunt connected device is STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator). The STATCOM provides reactive power compensation and maintains line voltage within desired limits and if DC source like battery is used in its VSC it can also exchange real power with line. Hence, it helps in maintaining line stability. This paper deals with the study of STATCOM by using MATLAB/SIMULINK
A comprehensive study of Data Mining techniques in prediction of Cancer
Cancer is one of the most common and fatal disease that results in death of large number of people across the world. Various Data Mining techniques are proven to be helpful in diagnosis of this fatal disease. In this report, an overview of various Data Mining techniques and Data Mining tools like WEKA, Orange, Tanagra, RapidMiner and KNIME is given. It also covers survey of various methodologies and techniques employed by different researchers in context of mining. An implementation on how Data Visualization and Classification can be done using Tanagra tool was shown. Lastly, challenges tha
Legacy Systems and their evolution through Cloud Services
Computer technology has changed rapidly in the last few years. The emphasis shifted toward more distributed computing power residing on an end user's desk or on a local network as opposed to the more traditional centralized mainframe-oriented culture of the 1960s and 1970s. Most mission-critical data has been traditionally stored on mainframe applications set up years ago. Over time these applications have become known as legacy systems. Most of the applications are old and have been updated in a patchwork fashion. They also tend to be very proprietary and stovepipe. Many organizations today are struggling with how to make best use of these systems. On one hand, there is the realization that most of the legacy applications are fairly inexpensive and easy to maintain and in many cases serve their users well. On the other hand, there is the user demand for easier ways to access and use legacy data, and a greater need to share this information both within the organization and, increasingly, outside the organization.[1] This paper suggests how several organizations and firms are dealing with the need to get better access to data stored on legacy systems. There are a variety of ways to deal with the issue and our research found that it depends on a number of key variables which vary from organization to organization. Some of these variables include: budget, centralized or decentralized information resources management organization, end user requirements, management support, and the legacy application itself.
A Novel Approach with Various Existing Edge Detection Techniques for Medical Imaging Modalities
In the current era to make the image more meaningful and easy to analyze, it is necessary to modify and simplify its representation through the segmentation. Segmentation is a process to separates the digital image into multiple segments (set of pixels) and each segment possesses different features such as texture, color, intensity, special location and many statistical properties. It is a way to interpret an image in detail. In image processing and pattern recognition, the edge detection techniques play a very important role to visualize the ROI (Suspicious region) and used as a preprocessing step. Edges are the most essential part in the image because an image contains most important features such as corner, lines, curves etc on their edges. The edge detection in an image reduces the amount of data by filtering out useless information and preserves necessary properties. So, it is very important to choose a robust edge detection technique to obtain the best results in all the conditions. In this paper we have tried to proposed a novel edge detection technique that give a comparative better results than the other existing some commonly use edge detection techniques such as Sobel, Prewitt, Roberts, LoG and Canny.
Wireless Power Transmission – The Future of Power Transmission System.
Electricity is a basic requirement in modern era &fuel for technological development. The conventional use of electricity is through use of wires. Presently we are using wire system for power transmission but In today’s modern life everyone needs wireless system for flexibility or mobility .The primary goal of this research work is to give a brief overview of most recent researches and development in the field of wireless transmission of electrical power transmission .By deploying Wireless power transmission we can reduce the transmission and distribution losses &increase efficiency to some extent . The techniques used for wireless power transmission are Induction, Electromagnetic transmission ,Evanescent wave coupling, Electrodynamics induction, Radio ,microwave Electrostatic Induction ,Laser etc. This paper also put focus on Basic Design , Implementation , feasibility, economic aspects, limitations advantages, disadvantages, biological impacts and applications of WPT systems.
E-BANKING – INFLUENCE, THREATS and SECURITY
The advancement of electronic banking (e-banking) began with the utilization of automatic teller machines (ATMs)and has incorporated telephone banking, direct bill payment, electronic fund transfer and online banking.According to some, the future direction of e-banking is the upliftment of mobile and telephone (WAP-enabled)banking and interactive-TV banking. In any case, it has been forecast by many that online banking willcontinue to be the most popular method for future electronic financial transactions.Electronic funds transfer (EFT), alludes to the usage of computer-based systems for perform financialtransaction electronically. The term is used for a number of diverseideas including electronicpayments and cardholder-initiated transactions, where a cardholder makes utilization of a payment card such asa credit card or debit card. Card-based EFT transactions are often covered by the ISO 8583 series ofstandards
FACTORS CAUSING STRESS AMONG FEMALE DOCTORS (A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR HOSPITAL)
It is an important task of working women to handle two important tasks. Balancing these two roles at home and work is very challenging task and causes stress at different levels. Different dimension of working women’s life involves in evolving the stress in working women’s life. These stresses cause the imbalance at the front of and handling family responsibility. In the current scenario, doctors face many stressors that are peculiar to the medical profession and doctors are required to have more competencies than before in diagnosis ongoing management of medical conditions. This means increased responsibilities which may contribute to stress. Stress experienced at work can have adverse outcomes for the well-being of individual employees and organization as whole. My study is focusing on identifying the factors causing stress among female doctors working for public and private hospitals and their stress levels associations with respect to sector. A sample of 300 female doctors from urban area participated in this study. Out of this, 150 each are from public and private hospitals respectively. A self-made standardized tool was administered based on five point scale. Results indicates that the values were found to be 0.000 in all the cases except, psychosomatic problems (0.004) which is lesser than (0.05) p-value resulting into rejection of null hypotheses , consequently revealing an association between sector of female doctors and stress due to workload, working condition, physical exertion, emotional exhaustion, job security, organizational support, work family conflict, family adjustment, task demands, psychosomatic problems, patient’s expectation and working hours
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MULTIPLE WATERMARKING IN A VIDEO FOR AUTHENTICATION AND COPYRIGHT PROTECTION
Watermarking technique be employ instance & for a second time for validation and protection of digital data (images, video and audio files, digital repositories and libraries, web publishing). It is helpful to copyright protection and illegal copying of digital data like video frames and making digital data more robust and imperceptible. With the advent of internet, creation and delivery of digital data has grown many fold. In that Scenario has to need a technique for transferring digital data securely without changing their originality and robustness. In this paper proposed a plan of latest watermarking method which involves inserting and adding two or more digital data or pictures in a single video frame for the principle of protection and replicate the similar procedure for N no video frames for authentication of entire digital video. After that digital video is encrypted and decrypted by using motion vector bit-xor encryption and decryption technique.
Non-Integer Order Controller Based Robust Performance Analysis of a Conical Tank System
The design of robust controller for any non linear process is a challenging task because of the presence of various types of uncertainties. In this paper, various design methods of robust PID controller for the level control of conical tank are discussed. Uncertainties are of different types, among that structured uncertainty of 30% is introduced to the nominal plant for analysing the robustness. As a first step, the control of level is done by using conventional integer order controller for both nominal and uncertain system. Then, the control is done by means of Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID) controller for achieving robustness. With the help of time series parameters, a comparison is made between conventional PID and FOPID with respect to the simulated output using MATLAB and also analyzed the robustness.
Security Strength Evaluation of Some Chaos Based Substitution-Boxes
Recently, handful amount of S-boxes, using the various methods such as affine transformations, gray coding, optimization, chaotic systems, etc, have been suggested. It is prudent to use cryptographically strong S-boxes for the design of powerful ciphers. In this paper, we sampled some widely used 8×8 S-boxes which are recently synthesized and security analysis and evaluation is executed to uncover the best candidate(s). The performance analysis is exercised against the crucial measures like nonlinearity, linear approximation probability, algebraic immunity, algebraic complexity, differential uniformity. These parameters are custom selected because their scores decide the security strength against cryptographic assaults like linear cryptanalysis, algebraic attacks, and differential cryptanalysis. The anticipated analysis in this work facilitates the cryptographers, designers, researchers to choose suitable candidate decided over many parameters and can be engaged in modern block encryption systems that solely rely on 8×8 S-box. Moreover, the analysis assists in articulating efficient S-boxes and to evaluate the attacks resistivity of their S-boxes.
MOVIE RATING PREDICTION BASED ON TWITTER SENTIMENT ANALYSIS
With microblogging platforms such as Twitter generating huge amounts of textual data every day, the possibilities of knowledge discovery through Twitter data becomes increasingly relevant. Similar to the public voting mechanism on websites such as the Internet Movie Database (IMDb) that aggregates movies ratings, Twitter content contains reflections of public opinion about movies. This study aims to explore the use of Twitter content as textual data for predicting the movie rating. In this study, we extract number of tweets and compiled to predict the rating scores of newly released movies. Predictions were done with the algorithms, exploring the tweet polarity. In addition, this study explores the use of several different kinds of tweet classification Algorithm and movie rating algorithm. Results show that movie rating developed by our application is compared to IMDB and Rotten Tomatoes
An Optic Disc Segmentation in Retinal Images using Efficient Clustering method
Optical disc segmentation is essential stage for retinal image analysis and disease identification. Segmentation locates the optic disk in the retinal fundus images. Various researchers have triad for improving the efficiency of the optical disc segmentation. Pprincipal component analysis based method is popularly used but are computationally complex. Thresholding is also widely used for improving the efficiency of the disc detection method. But under diabetic patient there efficiency degrades. Fuzz C means clustering is also used by some researchers but the efficiency is the major concern under optical imaging environment. This paper presents a new method of optical disc segmentation using the K mean clustering in retinal images. Study of thresholding based methods for optical disc segmentation is presented. It is observed that the method of disc detection should be less complex and efficiently works for all kind of images.